英语句型结构公式大全(英语句型结构公式大全中学)

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五年级上册英语句型结构公式大全?

内容来自用户:明思教育146

五年级英语(上)句型转换规则归纳

1.含有be动词(am, is, are)的句子,改为否定句是在be动词后面加not,原来句子中的some改为any;改为一般疑问句的时候,将be动词直接放到句子的最前面,原来句子中的some改为any,句号改为问号。((如果主语是第一人称则变成第二人称))

1)Thereisa house in the forest.(肯定句)

There isnota house in the forest. (否定句) is not=isn’t

Isthere a house in the forest? (一般疑问句)

2)Therearesome classrooms in the school. (肯定句)

There arenotanyclassrooms in the school. (否定句) are not=aren’t

Arethereanyclassrooms in the school?(一般疑问句)

3) Iama new student. (肯定句)

I amnota new student.(否定句)am not没有缩写形式

Areyoua new student?(一般疑问句)(主语是第一人称I时,改为一般疑问句时主语要变为第二人称you)

2.含有情态动词如:can, may ,must, would,should ,could, will的句子,改否定句时直接在情态动词后面加not,原来句子中的some改为any;改为一般疑问句的时候,将情态动词直接放到句子的最前面,原来句子中的some改为any,句号改为问号。((如果主语是第一人称则变成第二人称))

1)Icanplay basketball. (肯定句)

I cannotplay basketball. (否定句) can not = can’t

Canyou play basketball? (一般疑问句)

3.不含有be动词,也没有情态

英语各种句式的结构

英语基本句式小结

英语中的句式有很多种,从英语的句子结构上说,总体可以归纳为五个基本句式。一般地说,某些动词用在某一特定句式中。那么,哪些动词常用于哪些句式,我们把这些句型和常用的动词进行归类,每一大类都分出详细的条目,同学们可以在理解记忆各大类的基础上记忆相关动词,并继续归纳总结。

1.S(主)+ Vi(不及物动词)(谓)

1)S + V + adverbial(状语)

Birds sing beautifully.

2)S + Vi+ prep Phrase(介词短语)

He went on holiday.

3)S + Vi+ Infinitive (不定式)

We stopped to have a rest.

4)S + Vi+ Participle (分词)

I’ll go swimming

2. S (主)+ Vt (及物动词)(谓)+ O(宾)

1) S + VT + N/Pron

I like music.

2) S + VT + infinitive(不定式)

I want to help him.

常用于这句型的动词有:attempt,dare,decide,desire,expect,hope,learn,need,offer,refuse,want,wish等。

3) S + VT + Wh-Word + Infinitive

I don’t know what to do.

常用于这句型的动词有:ask,consider,decide,discover,explain,find

out,forget,guess,know,learn,observe,remember,see,settle,tell,think,understand,wonder等。

4) S + VT + Gerund

I enjoy living here.

常用于这句型的动词有:admit,advise,avoid,consider,defend,enjoy,excuse,finish,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,give

up,can't help等。

5) S + VT + That-clause

I don’t think (that) he is right.

常用于这句型的动词有:Admit,believe,declare,demand,deny,doubt,expect,explain,feel(觉得),hear(听说),hope,imagine,intend,know,mean,mind(当心),notice,request,report,say,see(看出),show,suggest,suppose,think,understand,wish,wonder(觉得奇怪)。

3. S (主)+ V(谓)(lv)( 系动词)+ P(表)

1)S + Lv + N/Pron(名词/代词)

He is a boy.

2)S + Lv + Adj(形容词)

She is beautiful.

3)S + Lv + Adv (副词)

Class is over.

4)S + Lv + Prep Phrase

He is in good health.

5)S + Lv + Participle(分词)

The film is interesting.

除了be 系动词外,还有一些动词也可以用作系动词:

表感官的动词,feel,smell,taste,sound,look,appear,seem

等。表转变变化的动词,become,get,grow,turn,go,等。表延续的动词

remain,keep,seem,hold,stay,rest等。表瞬时的动词

come,fall,set,cut,occur等。其他动词

eat,lie,prove,ring,run,shine,sit,stand,continue,hang等。

英语的基本句型主要有五种,它们是:

1、主语———动词———表语

2、主语———动词

3、主语———动词———宾语

4、主语———动词———宾语———宾语

5、主语———动词———宾语———补语

掌握好这些基本句型,就可以为灵活运用语言打下良好的基础。下面分别讲解这五种句型。

一、主语---动词----表语

在这一句型中,动词是系动词,划线部分为表语。

1.Mr.Brown is an engineer.(名词做表语)

2.Gradualy he became silent.(形容词做表语)

3.She remained standing for a hour.(现在分词做表语)

4.The question remained unsolved.(过去分词做表语)

5.The machine is out of order.(介词短语做表语)

6.The television was on.(副词做表语)

7.His plan is to keep the affair secret.(动词不定式做表语)

8.My job is repairing cars.(动名词做表语)

9.The question is what you want to do.(从句做表语,即:表语从句)

注意:在下面的句子中,形容词做表语,在表语的后面常常接不定式结构。

I'm happy to meet you.

They are willing to help.

We are determined to follow his example.

二、主语———动词

在这一句型中,动词为不及物动词及不及物的动词词组。在有的句子中,不及物动词可以有状语修饰。

1.The sun is rising.

2.I'll try.

3.Did you sleep well?(well做状语,修饰不及物动词sleep)

4.The engine broke down.

注意:在此句型中,有少数不及物动词表达被动含义,表达主语本身所具有的特性,不用被动语态。

1.The book sells wel.

2.The window won't shut.

3.The pen writes smoothly.

4.Cheese cuts easily.

三、主语———动词———宾语

在此句型中,动词为及物动词,划线部分为宾语。

1.Do you know these people(them)?(名词或代词做宾语)

2.I can't express myself in English.(反身代词做宾语)

3.He smiled a strange smile.(同源宾语)

4.We can't afford to pay such a price.(不定式做宾语)

5.Would you mind waiting a few minutes?(动名词做宾语)

6.I hope that I have said nothing to pain you.(从句做宾语,即:宾语从句)

注意:并不是所有的及物动词都可以接上述各种情况做宾语,不同的动词有不同的用法,所以,在学习动词时,一定要掌握其用法。

四、主语———动词———宾语———宾语

在此句型中,动词可以称作双宾语动词,在英语中,这样的动词并不多,在学习遇时,要牢记。后面的宾语为间接宾语和直接宾语,其中间接宾语在前,一般表人,直接宾语在后,一般表物。这类句型有三种情况。

第一种情况,间接宾语可以改为to引导的短语。

1.He handed me a letter.

He handed a letter to me.

2.She gave me her telephone number.

She gave her telephone number to me.

第二种情况,间接宾语可以改为for引导的短语。

3.She sang us a folk song.

She sang a folk for us.

4.She cooked us a delicious meal.

She cooked a delicious meal for us.

第三种情况,直接宾语可以由宾语从句充当。

5.Tell him I'm out.

6.Can you inform me where Miss Green lives?

五、主语———动词———宾语———宾语补足语

在此句型中的动词,叫做可以跟复合宾语的动词,在英语中,这样的动词也不多。后面的宾语补足语是说明宾语的情况的,宾语和宾语补足语一起被称做复合宾语。这个句式是英语中比较复杂的一个句式,因为复合宾语的构成内容较多。下面句子中划线部分为宾语补足语。

1.He found his new job boring.(形容词做宾补)

2.The called their daughter Mary.(名词做宾补)

3.This placed her in a very difficult position.(介词短语做宾补)

4.We went to here house but found her out.(副词做宾补)

5.What do you advise me to do?(不定式做宾补)

6.We thought him to be an honest man.(tobe做宾补)

7.He believed them to have discussed the problem.(不定式的完成式做宾补)

8.He believed her to be telling the truth.(不定式的进行式做宾补)

9.Did you notice him come in?(不带to的不定式做宾补)

10.I saw her chatting with Nancy.(现在分词做宾补)

11.He watched the piano carried upstairs.(过去分词做宾补)

注意:在这个结构中,可以出现用it做形式上的宾语,把真正的宾语放在宾语补足语的后面。在此结构中,宾语常常是动词不定式或宾语从句。

1.He felt it his duty to mention this to her.

分析:it是形式宾语,hisduty是宾语补足语,to mention this to her是真正的宾语。

2.I think it best that you should stay with us.

分析:it是形式宾语,best是宾语补足语,that you should stay with us是真正的宾语。

注意:

1.习惯用语的使用

在英语中,有很多动词习惯用语,在学习的过程中,要注意它们的使用,不必分析单独每个词的使用。

例:

We are short of money.(be short of中short做表语)

She is always making trouble for her friends.(trouble做make的宾语)

He has carried out our instructions to the letter.(our instructions做词组carry out的宾语)

We are waiting for the rain to stop.(wait for后面的the rain是宾语,to stop是宾语补足语)

2.在英语中,大多数动词既可以做及物动词又可以做不及物动词,而且还会有一些固定词组,因此一个动词可以用于几种句型。

例:ask

①Did you ask the price?(直接接名词做宾语)

②She asked them their names.(接双宾语)

③I asked James to buy some bread.(接宾语加不定式做宾语补足语)

④I asked to speak to Fred.(接不定式做宾语)

⑤Didn't you ask him in?(在此句中和副词in连用)

⑥He has asked for an interview with the President.(组成固定词组ask for)

3.There be句型是一种特殊的句子,真正的主语在后面,含义为“有…”

①谓语动词和主语保持一致:There is a television in the sitting room.

②有两个或更多的主语时,动词一般和最近的一个保持一致:There are two girls and a boy dancing in the hall.

③主语的后面有时有修饰语:There are a lot of difficulties facing us.There were many things to be done(此处也可以使用to do).

④谓语动词be可以有时态的变化:There will be a concert in the park tonight.There was little change in him.

⑤谓语也可以有不定式构成的复合谓语。

There used to be a cinema here.

There seems to be something the matter with her.

Is there going to be any activity tonight?

⑥there be句式变疑问句,把be提前;变翻译疑问句也要借助there。

Is there any hope of getting the job?

There is nothing wrong with your watch,is there?

⑦there be句型中也可以使用诸如:live,follow,come,stand,sit,exist等不及物动词:

Once upon a time,there lived a fisherman on the island.

There came a knock at the door.

At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.

⑧用于非谓语的情况下,有时用不定式的复合结构there to be或动名词的复合结构和独立主格结构there being:

You wouldn't want there to be another war.(不定式的复合结构)

The teacher was satisfied with there being no mistakes in his homework.(动名词的复合结构)

There being nothing else to do,we went home.(独立主格结构)

英语常用句型结构大全

英语常用句型结构有主谓结构、主系表结构、主谓宾结构、主谓双宾结构、主谓宾补结构等。英语句子的基本成分有主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语、同位语。

英语常用结构

s十v主谓结构

s十v十p主系表结构

s十v十o主谓宾结构

s十v十o1十o2主谓双宾结构

s十v十o十c主谓宾补结构

说明:s=主语;v=谓语;p=表语;o=宾语;o1=间接宾语;o2=直接宾语;

英语五种基本句型

句型1:主语+谓语。即构成一个最简单的句子。如:I dance.

句型2:主语+谓语+宾语。宾语,就是主语借助一个动作(谓语)作用的一个对象。如:I hate him.

句型3:主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语。如:I give him a book.

句型4:主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。如:I want you to go with me.

句型5:主语+系动词+表语。如:It smells good.

英语基本句式结构

陈述句:是对事实、安排或观点进行“声明”或陈述。陈述句可以是肯定句,也可以是否定句。陈述句以句号结尾。

祈使句:是发出命令(有时是要求)的一种句式。祈使句中一般没有主语,you是隐含的主语。祈使句以句号或感叹号结尾。

疑问句:是提出问题的句式。疑问句中,助动词位于主语前面,而主语后则跟着主动词,疑问句以问号结尾。

感叹句:通过感叹号(!)对一个陈述(陈述句或祈使句中)进行了强调。

简单句:简单句中没有连接词,如and、but、or等。

复合句:复合句由两个陈述构成,这两个陈述由连接词连在一起。

主从复合句:主从复合句中含有一个独立的从句,且至少有一个。两个从句由一个从属连词连接起来。

英语句子结构及五种基本句型

英语句子结构及五种基本句型如下:

英语句子结构是由主语、谓语动词、宾语、表语、状语、宾语补足语等成分组成,按照这些成分的组合方式英语句子可分为五种基本句型。

一、句型1: Subject (主语) + Verb (谓语)

这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,所谓不及物动词,就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。

二、句型2:Subject (主语) + Link. V(系动词) + Predicate(表语)

这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。

三、句型3:Subject(主语) + Verb (谓语) + Object (宾语)

这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词,就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语。

四、句型4: Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+ Indirect object(间接宾语)+Direct object (直接宾语)

这种句型中,直接宾语为主要宾语,表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的。

五、句型5: Subject(主语)+Verb (动词)+Object (宾语)+Complement(补语)

这种句型中的“宾语 + 补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等;或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。

英语写作必备句式结构大全

下面是我整理的 英语写作 必备句式结构大全, 希望对大家有帮助。

英语写作必备句式结构大全

陈述句中有肯定句与否定句之分。其中可以分为以下五种:

① 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语,如:I found it impossible to do it. Please keep the classroom clean and tidy.

② 主语+及物动词+宾语,如:I bought a good English Chinese Dictionary yesterday.

③ 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语,如:Please tell me a story before I go to bed. 这样可加双宾语的 句子 有buy,tell, give, ask, pass, teach.

④ 主语+不及物动词。如:I arrived at six last night.

⑤ 主语+系动词+表语,如:Tom is an American boy. The grass turned green in spring.

在初中常见的句型中有There be…句型,表示存在某种事物,如:There is a map on the wall 其be动词的形式要与其后 面相 近的那个名词相一致。要注意的是这种句型加入助动词后,也要保持be动词,不要换用have,如:There is going to be a meeting tomorrow.

在句子结构中要注意主谓一致的问题,即句子的主语与谓语动词要相呼应。要注意的有如下几点:

① 用and连接两个主语时一般应视为复数,但如一人身兼两职时则要用单数谓语动词形式,如:A singer and dancer is coming to our party. a singer and dancer 既歌唱又可舞的演员。而 a singer and a dancer 则要译为:一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家。

② 有些以 s 结尾的名词谓语动词要用单数,如: The news is good (news为不可数名词)。

③ 有量词时应按量词的数量计算;如: This pair of glasses is good My glasses are broken.

④ 有些形单却意为复数的名词,如: People are coming here 这样的词还有 Police,如果要讲一个警察时,应讲 a policeman。两个警察为 two policemen。又如 a policewoman, two policewomen

⑤ 所有不定代词 each, either, neither, one, the other, nobody,nothing, anyone, anything, someone, something …要作为单数如: Someone is waiting for you 在并列句中表示联合关系的连词有:and not only … but also, neither … nor, either … or 如: My sister and my parents are going to the cinema。表示转折关系的并列连词有: but和 yet,如: She is a good student, but she didn't pass the final exam.又如: I think the news is strange, yet it is true 表示选择关系的连词有:or, either … or,如: Hurry up, or you will be late for school 表示因果关系的并列连词有: for, so 如: They studied very hard, so they all passed the exam

宾语从句

① 在及物动词的后面可以接一个名词来充当宾语,如: I knew the man, 而这时也可以用一个句子来充当宾语,如: I knew that he was a good man 这时宾语从句的连接词有 that, (that 只在从句中起联接作用,不在句中充当语法成分,既不是主语也不是宾语,所以在口语中常常被省略。如: I am sure (that) she has passed the exam

② if, whether 它们在宾语从句中只起连接作用,不起语法作用,当作是否讲。从句中有 or not 结构时,要用 whether, 如: I ask him if (whether) he has had his lunch I asks him whether he has had his lunch or not

③ what 它在宾语从句中除了作连接词外,还要作主语或宾语成份,如: I don't understand what you said (what 作 said 的宾语)。又如: I asked him what made him sick (what 在宾语从句中作主语)。

④ who,它也和what一样,在句中除作连接词外,可以充当句中的成份,如:I know who she is looking for?

⑤ whose 如: I want to know whose book this is?

⑥ which 如: Do you know which book is mine?

在连接词中还有4个常用的连接副词,

① how 它的应用最广,如: how much, how many, how long, how soon, how old …。如: How much does it cost?

② when 它只是连接时间状语,如: Please tell me when the meeting will begin?

③ where 它连接地点状语,如: Where are you from?

④ why 它要连接的是原因状语从句,如: The teacher asked why Tom didn't come to school.

在考试中常见到的考点是:宾语从句的时态与主句时态的呼应问题。 ①主句谓语动词如果是现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态可以是任何所需要的时态,如: I know he didn't come. 我知道他没来。 I know he will come tomorrow 我知道他明天来。I know he has gone to London 我知道他已去伦敦了。

②主句中的谓语动词若是过去时,宾语从句也要用过去时态中的某一种。比如:一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时。除了在表达宇宙中的客观真理时,不能用现在时态。如: I wanted to know when he would come The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun

时间状语从句

其连接词有:after, before, when, as, as soon as, until (till),while, since, by 其中较难掌握的有以下几点

① until (till) 直到,在用 until 表达时间状语的句子中,主句中的动词是要十分小心去选择。如动词是持续性动词,它要用肯定句,如: I studied hard until 12 o'clock last night. 如果动词是瞬间截止性动词,则要用否定句,如: He didn't go to bed until his mother came back

② 由 since, for, by, before 来引导的时间状语从句。 since 引导的时间状语是动作的开始时间,如: I have studied English since 1990. 而由 by引导的时间状语通常是动作的结束时间,如: I had learned 25 English songs by the end of last term 而before 则多用于完成时, ago 则多用于一般过去时,如: He had finished his work before twelve yesterday I left my hometown two years ago

③ 在状语从句中用一般现在时或一般过去时表示将来。它们可能是主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时,如: If it rains, they won't go to the park on Sunday 也可以主句是一般过去时,从句用一般过去进行时,如: He said if it rained the next day he would not go to the park

④ 考试中常见的考点有:要学生区别是条件、时间状语从句还是宾语从句,因在宾语从句中该用什么时态用什么时态,如: I want to know if he will come here tomorrow 在宾语从句中的条件状语从句与主句的关系,如: I want to know if it rains he will come here tomorrow

原因状语

① because,应译为"因为"。它表达的因果关系最强,如: He didn't pass the exam because he didn't study hard

② since 应译为"既然",如: Since you were ill yesterday I left some notes on your desk

③ as 应译为"由于",如: As it is too hot we'd better go swimming since 与as 所表达的因果关系远比 because 弱得多。而 for 表达的因果关系最弱。它不能用于句首,如: He studies hard, for he wants to go to college

比较状语从句

同级比较 as … as,如: This book is as good as that one 要注意的有两点:

① as … as 中间要用原级而不是比较级。

② 用形容词还是副词,如: Mary writes as carefully as Tom 而其否定句为not as (so) … as,如: They didn't work so hard as we did, 而不同级比较用比较级加 than, 如: He is younger than I am

要注意的是表示"越来越"这一概念时有两个句型:

① 比较级+and+比较级,如: The days are getting longer and longer The little girl is becoming more and more beautiful

② 定冠词 the +比较级+ the +比较级,如: The harder you study, the more you can learn 方式状语中要注意的是as (连词)与 like (介词)的区别。 as 作为连词其后接从句,如: Please do it as I did it 但后面的句子常作省略,如: Please do it as I 而 like 是介词,其后要接的是宾语,如: Please do it like me

结果和目的状语从句

主要有 so … that, so that, in order that等几种用法。

① so … that 用在单数可数名词前,so +形容词+ a +名词+ that,如: She is so beautiful a girl that everyone likes her 或用 such + a +形容词+名词+ that, 如: She is such a beautiful girl that everyone likes her

③ 在不可数名词或可数名词复数前只能用 such,如: It is such good weather we want to go for a picnic 又如: They are such good players that they should win the game.

④ 在much, many, few, little 之前只能用so,如: I have so little money that I can't buy it

⑤ so … that 之间只有形容词时,则不能用 such,如: It is so good that I want to buy

⑥ so tha

以上是一些比较基础的英语句式,它有助你写 英语 作文 ,希望你的英语成绩能有所提高。

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